{"id":62296,"date":"2026-04-08T08:36:35","date_gmt":"2026-04-08T14:36:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/?p=62296"},"modified":"2026-04-08T08:39:55","modified_gmt":"2026-04-08T14:39:55","slug":"the-divine-inspiration-of-handels-messiah","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/faith\/the-divine-inspiration-of-handels-messiah\/","title":{"rendered":"The Divine Inspiration of Handel&#8217;s Messiah"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/The-Divine-Inspiration-of-Handels-Messiah-Public-Square-Magazine.pdf\" download=\"\"><picture><source srcset=\"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/wp-content\/webp-express\/webp-images\/uploads\/2025\/03\/pdf-download-1.png.webp\" type=\"image\/webp\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"margin-right: 2px; padding-right: 0; float: left;\" src=\"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/pdf-download-1.png\" class=\"webpexpress-processed\"><\/picture> Download Print-Friendly Version<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For many lovers of classical music, Handel\u2019s <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Messiah <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">represents the pinnacle of both artistic and spiritual excellence. It is almost temple-like in its ability to create an intersection between the human and the Divine. Handel\u2019s work has helped countless listeners to internalize the message of the Savior\u2019s birth, Atonement, and Resurrection.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Scripture is clear that inspiration is necessary to bear witness of the Savior. The Apostle Paul wrote that \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.churchofjesuschrist.org\/study\/scriptures\/nt\/1-cor\/12?lang=eng&amp;id=p3#p3\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">No<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> man can say that Jesus is the Lord, but by the Holy Ghost.\u201d Restoration Scripture <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.churchofjesuschrist.org\/study\/scriptures\/dc-testament\/dc\/9?lang=eng&amp;id=p9#p9\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">adds<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the further insight that \u201cyou cannot write that which is sacred save it be given you from me.\u201d Handel\u2019s music, combined with the biblical texts that librettist Charles Jennens selected for the work, bears witness that Jesus is the Lord. I believe the scriptures when they say that \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.churchofjesuschrist.org\/study\/scriptures\/bofm\/moro\/7?lang=eng&amp;id=p16#p16\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">every<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> thing which inviteth to do good, and to persuade to believe in Christ, is sent forth by the power and gift of Christ.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201d My own faith in and desire to follow the Savior is strengthened whenever I listen to or sing the <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Messiah<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Because the <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Messiah <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">bears witness of Christ, I conclude that it was inspired by God.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some scholars have cast doubt on whether Handel\u2019s\u00a0 <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Messiah <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">was divinely inspired because of what is known about the composition process. However, because of its inspired witness of Christ, I believe it would be more fruitful to reframe our idea of what it means for an artist to be inspired rather than rejecting inspiration altogether. A closer look at Handel\u2019s process of composing the <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Messiah <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">suggests that divine inspiration often draws on previous experience, comes \u201cline upon line,\u201d and may manifest as an enabling power.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Preparation and Previous Experience<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Handel\u2019s\u00a0 <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Messiah <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">came at a pivotal point in Handel\u2019s career. Four years earlier, he had been restored to health after a dangerous stroke, defying an initial diagnosis that he would never again play the organ or compose music. But after his stroke, he struggled to find success. Handel\u2019s signature Italian operas were falling out of favor with his British audience. His personal debts were <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thetabernaclechoir.org\/articles\/history-of-handels-hallelujah-chorus.html?lang=eng\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">mounting<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, raising the threat of debtor\u2019s prison and increasing his stress. Considering the pressure that Handel experienced during this time, he likely felt an increased dependence on the Lord. Despite his talents, he may have felt that he needed help from on High. It is possible that such a sense of urgency and \u201creal intent\u201d made it possible for him to receive inspiration.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><div class=\"perfect-pullquote vcard pullquote-align-right pullquote-border-placement-left\"><blockquote><p>My own faith in and desire to follow the Savior is strengthened whenever I listen to or sing the <i>Messiah.<\/i><\/p><\/blockquote><\/div><br \/>\nIn the inspiration process, the Lord\u2014and Handel\u2014drew from years of Handel\u2019s preparation that preceded the<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Messiah<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. By the time he composed it in 1741, Handel was a 56-year-old professional composer with a university education and decades of experience composing music. His prolific output up to that time included at least 40 operas, over 35 concertos, 100 cantatas, and nine oratorios, among an impressive <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/imslp.org\/wiki\/List_of_works_by_George_Frideric_Handel\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">list<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of other works.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Handel had essentially mastered the composition process, including the common 18th-century practice of writing a large quantity of music in a relatively short time. Researcher Calvin Stapert <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=xTMNnwEACAAJ&amp;focus=\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">noted<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that Handel\u2019s pace of 24 days for composition \u201cwas more or less typical for Handel.\u201d To Stapert, this meant Handel was not inspired in his composition. Stapert wrote: \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=xTMNnwEACAAJ&amp;focus=\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Romantic<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> notions notwithstanding, it cannot be taken as a sign of exceptional or, as some have believed, divine inspiration. Like most of the composers of his time, Handel was capable of turning out a prodigious amount of music in a relatively short span of time \u2026 He was following his normal work pattern of composing new works in the gap between concert seasons.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But the fact that the composition timeline was typical for Handel does not mean he was not inspired. Although the rapid composition of the <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Messiah <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">was typical of Handel, the finished product stands out from the rest of his work for its spiritual qualities. Shortly after composing the<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Messiah<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, he wrote another oratorio, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Samson<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, in about the same amount of time. It is worth listening to (I particularly recommend the 2009 BBC Proms <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?si=TXVitqeIm3CFagja&amp;v=LfSVjm823Bc&amp;feature=youtu.be\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">performance<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">), but it has nowhere near the same depth and spiritual power as the <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Messiah<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Something was different about the process of composing the <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Messiah<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. I believe that divine inspiration entered into Handel\u2019s routine and elevated what he was able to create. Honing his creative process over the years prepared him for his most inspiring and inspired work.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Handel drew on prior preparation not only in his composition speed, but also in the musical qualities of the <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Messiah<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Since 18th-century composers like Handel needed to produce a great deal of music quickly, they frequently recycled music from their own earlier compositions or borrowed from others. This behavior was culturally acceptable at the time, partly because facility and craftsmanship were prized more than originality, and partly because many people didn\u2019t notice. Recordings weren\u2019t possible, and the idea of a classical repertoire of pieces played on a regular basis didn\u2019t yet exist. (<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Messiah<\/span><\/i> <a href=\"https:\/\/bachtrack.com\/fr_FR\/feature-november-2012-messiah\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">may<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> actually be the beginning of the classical repertoire, since it is the first piece to be performed regularly year after year.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Handel was no exception in his borrowing; he borrowed from his own previous work and from that of other composers. In his <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Messiah<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, for one example, he <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=crsiAAAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA77#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">drew<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> from a forgotten madrigal he had previously written to write a duet and chorus. He also used ready-made material: the main melody of &#8220;And with His Stripes&#8221; was used by both Bach and Mozart, leading one <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=crsiAAAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA77#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">researcher<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to call it &#8220;public property.\u201d The same researcher notes that the Pastoral Symphony &#8220;is based upon a bagpipe tune played at Christmas by the pifferari of Naples and Rome,\u201d but Handel acknowledged this by his abbreviation <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">pifa<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> at the beginning of the movement.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While some might argue that Handel\u2019s borrowings rule out the idea of divine inspiration, I suggest they merely change our idea of how inspiration works. Inspiration is not always about receiving completely new ideas. The Savior <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.churchofjesuschrist.org\/study\/scriptures\/nt\/john\/14?lang=eng\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">spoke<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of the Holy Ghost\u2019s ability to \u201cbring all things to your remembrance, whatsoever I have said unto you.\u201d Memory, discovery, and organization are all part of inspiration<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In Handel\u2019s case, it appears that inspiration involved helping him to recall, select, and improve preexisting material. This may actually coincide with the understanding of the Creation process revealed to the prophet Joseph Smith. The Book of Abraham, for instance, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=iParDwAAQBAJ&amp;focus=searchwithinvolume&amp;q=organizing+preexisting+matter#v=onepage&amp;q=organizing%20preexisting%20matter&amp;f=false\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">redefines<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the Creation as \u201c<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.churchofjesuschrist.org\/study\/scriptures\/pgp\/abr\/4?lang=eng\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">organizing<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201d preexisting matter, rather than creating out of nothing. Handel\u2019s recycling of prior works was not a passive copy-and-paste approach; in each case, he elevated the material. This is most clearly seen in the fact that one of the oratorio\u2019s most beloved choruses, \u201cFor Unto Us a Child is Born,\u201d is <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=crsiAAAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA77#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">built<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> out of material he had written for a forgotten Italian duet and a madrigal. The final result is not a similarly forgettable work but a masterpiece that offers spiritual nourishment to audiences all over the world. The borrowings and recyclings of prior work that were ordered to testify of the Savior attest to Handel\u2019s inspiration, rather than disproving it.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Line Upon Line\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Although the initial composition process took twenty-four days, Handel spent a great deal of time revising the <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Messiah<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. An editor of one version of the score, Watkins Shaw, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=QofHDgAAQBAJ&amp;focus=\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">notes<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that \u201cno fewer than 11 movements \u2026 were subject to re-shaping or complete recomposition by Handel, some of them more than once, following original composition in 1741 and first performances in 1742.\u201d Another researcher, Robert Manson Myers, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=crsiAAAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA77#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">notes<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that Handel \u201cultimately devoted more time and thought to Messiah than to any other single composition.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Messiah<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> did not come all at once, fully formed and unchangeable. It came filtered through a mortal instrument through trial and error. The process accords with what <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.churchofjesuschrist.org\/study\/scriptures\/bofm\/2-ne\/28?lang=eng\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">scripture<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> teaches about revelation: &#8220;For behold, thus saith the Lord God: I will give unto the children of men line upon line, precept upon precept, here a little and there a little; and blessed are those who hearken unto my precepts, and lend an ear unto my counsel, for they shall learn wisdom\u2060; for unto him that receiveth will I give more\u2060.&#8221; Inspiration and creation do not happen all at once. Handel\u2019s experience shows that the process takes time and progresses gradually. It often includes inspired revision.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>An Enabling Power<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Handel\u2019s inspiration process did not shortcut the time and effort necessary for the creative process. Instead, it was a force that lifted and sanctified his efforts. Elder David A. Bednar, a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, has <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.churchofjesuschrist.org\/study\/ensign\/2012\/04\/the-atonement-and-the-journey-of-mortality?lang=eng\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">spoken<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of Christ\u2019s \u201cstrengthening and enabling power\u201d that \u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">strengthens us to do things we could never do on our own<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u201d I believe that this divine power played a role for Handel in the process of composing the <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Messiah<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><div class=\"perfect-pullquote vcard pullquote-align-right pullquote-border-placement-left\"><blockquote><p>The finished product stands out from the rest of his work for its spiritual qualities.<\/p><\/blockquote><\/div>Another example from the Latter-day Saint tradition illustrates how the enabling power of the Savior may have operated in Handel\u2019s process. In 1972, Dr. Russell M. Nelson operated on the heart of Elder Spencer W. Kimball. By that point, Dr. Nelson had over twenty years of medical experience, much of it involved in heart surgery. Something was unique about the particular operation, however. He later <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books\/about\/Insights_from_a_Prophet_s_Life.html?id=YMADvgEACAAJ\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">said<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, &#8220;Heaven magnified the experience. That day it was as though we pitched a perfect game\u2014no hits, no runs, no errors, no walks. There wasn\u2019t a broken stitch or a dropped instrument. Nothing unexpected occurred. There was not one technical flaw in a series of thousands of intricate manipulations. Each step was perfect. We were servants of the Lord that day.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For Dr. Nelson, the hand of heaven was not seen in doing something unfamiliar, but in performing work he was experienced in at an extraordinarily effective level. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Messiah<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> occupies a similar place in Handel&#8217;s career. He was enabled to create his most accomplished, most beloved work because he set out to bear witness of Jesus Christ. Like Dr. Nelson, Handel gave the glory to God, not only through a chorus that literally sings those words, but by <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/mbcpathway.com\/2018\/12\/18\/soli-deo-gloria-handels-messiah-lifts-christ-high\/#:~:text=It%27s%20been%20said%20that%20because,alone%20be%20the%20glory\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">inscribing<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> at the end of the score <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">S.D.G. <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Soli Deo Gloria<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2014\u201cTo God Alone be the Glory\u201d).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There is a frequently quoted account from a servant of Handel that the composer once <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/gfhandel.org\/handel\/anecdotes.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">said<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that while working on the \u201cHallelujah\u201d chorus, \u201cI did think I did see all Heaven before me, and the great God Himself seated on His throne, with His company of Angels.\u201d While we should use caution with source verification, it suggests Handel understood he was under the influence of divine inspiration. Handel\u2019s claim is modest. His language (\u201cI did think I did see\u201d) emphasizes the subjective nature of the spiritual experience he had. That composing the chorus was a spiritual experience is not hard to believe, because listening to and singing it is a spiritual experience.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Perhaps inspiration, then, served both to enable Handel to create his best artistic work and to inject a powerful moral and spiritual influence into his work, breathing the Spirit into the work that Handel created. It is that Spirit that continues to animate the work and, after nearly three hundred years and despite trends of secularism, continues to move us to stand and sing \u201cHallelujah, for the Lord God Omnipotent reigneth.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Messiah bears witness that God can magnify practiced gifts and turn ordinary labor toward holy ends.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":350,"featured_media":62301,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[468],"tags":[396,834,138,168,115,670,727,195,75,149,17,974,312,298,294],"coauthors":[2019],"class_list":["post-62296","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-faith","tag-art","tag-christian","tag-christianity","tag-easter","tag-faith","tag-god","tag-gospel-of-jesus-christ","tag-jesus-christ","tag-music","tag-religion","tag-resurrection","tag-scriptures","tag-spirituality","tag-theology","tag-worship"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - 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