{"id":55577,"date":"2025-12-09T08:49:13","date_gmt":"2025-12-09T15:49:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/?p=55577"},"modified":"2025-12-09T08:54:43","modified_gmt":"2025-12-09T15:54:43","slug":"primum-non-nocere-berlin-museums-warning","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/health\/primum-non-nocere-berlin-museums-warning\/","title":{"rendered":"Primum Non Nocere: A Berlin Museum\u2019s Warning Against Silence"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/picture> Download Print-Friendly Version<\/a><\/p>\n

I glanced at my son and saw the tension in his face.<\/span> Sunlight flowed through one of the museum\u2019s large windows, catching the tears running down his cheeks. His eyes were red.<\/span> We had held them back for the first three chapters of the exhibit.<\/span> Now, in front of him, was a panel showing the last known photograph of a group of Latvian women and children, moments before their execution by the Nazis.<\/span> Inside, the mood was grave, the air heavy, and the silence tactile.<\/span><\/p>\n

On the last day of our vacation, my family and I <\/span>visited the Topography of Terror in Berlin.<\/span> The museum documents the rise and fall of the Nazi regime and is located on the grounds where, from 1933 to 1945, the\u00a0headquarters of the SS, the Gestapo, the Nazi intelligence,\u00a0and\u2014during World War II\u2014the Reich Security Main Office were located. Its main exhibit is divided into five chapters of Nazi history and consists of multiple large panels that hang from the ceiling. Each panel includes unsettling photographs and documents.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

In an interview with B.Z. Die Stimme Berlins, Dr. Andrea Riedle, director of the Topography of Terror Foundation, explained: \u201cIt is a perpetrators\u2019 site, not a memorial. We also want to reach people intellectually so that they reflect on the larger context.\u201d When I recently contacted her, she added: \u201cThe purpose of the Foundation is to share the history of, and life under, National Socialism through our documentation center and to promote dialogue about the injustices of the Nazi dictatorship and its lasting impact beyond 1945.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

It is shocking to see how systematically everything unfolded. The regime\u2019s atrocities, the dismantling of democratic institutions, and the establishment of a tyrannical legal order are well-known. Many are familiar with the once-fringe ideas that became central to the regime, e.g., eugenics, the myth of the Aryan race, and the v\u00f6lkisch movement. But another disturbing and less discussed aspect of the rise of the Nazi regime was the extent of its acceptance by the German population. Hitler came to power in 1933, after being appointed chancellor of Germany by President Paul von Hindenburg. By 1934, many Germans\u2014moved by nationalist pride, promises of prosperity and order, propaganda, intimidation, and social pressures\u2014either supported the regime or accepted it.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Professionals of all fields were corrupted by the Nazi regime.<\/p><\/blockquote><\/div>
\nIt is tempting to think these were uneducated people, but that would be na\u00efve. <\/span>Professionals of all fields were corrupted by the Nazi regime, including physicians.<\/span> While the exact number of physicians who joined the Nazi Party and truly embraced their ideology remains debated, what is clear is that the medical profession was deeply complicit. And once German physicians embraced Nazism, or chose to look the other way, they betrayed their most fundamental ethical duty: to do no harm, to protect life, and to care for the vulnerable.<\/span><\/p>\n

Examining this dark chapter of history is crucial, not only to honor the victims but also to recognize how easily democratic institutions can be subverted and how quickly professional ethics can erode under pressure.<\/span><\/p>\n

While there are no moral equivalencies, this history serves as an effective example of the mechanisms that can lead to ethical erosion, allowing us to avoid similar mistakes today.<\/span><\/p>\n

Today, we are witnessing pressures and incentives to discredit science, dismantle public health safeguards, and erode trust in medical expertise.<\/span><\/p>\n

Science is being discredited through the amplification of the<\/span> anti-vaccine<\/span><\/a> movement, the weaponization of social media, the unchecked spread of pseudoscience, and the viral promotion of so-called miracle cures on digital platforms. Actively harmful proposals, such as the injection of disinfectants to treat COVID-19, have entered public discourse. Leading academic and evidence-based institutions, including journals and universities, have been accused of bias for publishing research or guidance that contradicts political narratives.<\/span><\/p>\n

Public health safeguards are being dismantled. Institutions such as the CDC, FDA, NIH, and the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, once internationally respected for their scientific integrity, have faced <\/span>political interference<\/span><\/a>, <\/span>funding cuts<\/span><\/a>, and deliberate campaigns of misinformation. These efforts weaken their ability to respond to public health issues and undermine their authority in the eyes of the public.<\/span><\/p>\n

We should invite good-faith methodological critique, which improves safety. Institutional humility serves us well, and it must be paired with our own personal responsibility. Ultimately, we do not need to believe that these organizations are faultless or above correction to recognize that the <\/span>rapid erosion<\/span><\/a> of trust we\u2019ve witnessed\u2014often unearned\u2014causes more harm than good.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Moral agency and care for the vulnerable transcend any single tradition.<\/p><\/blockquote><\/div>Trust in medical expertise is also fading. Health professionals and scientific leaders have faced coordinated attacks on their credibility, often led by elected officials and amplified by partisan media. In the face of these challenges, the medical community\u2019s response has not always been as loud or united as the moment demands.<\/span><\/p>\n

And this is where our responsibility begins. Moral agency and care for the vulnerable transcend any single tradition and are foundational to the practice of medicine itself. Truth-seeking, both scientific and ethical, honors these commitments. That is why defending evidence-based medicine, while insisting on transparency and accountability, is not merely a professional obligation; it is a moral imperative shared across diverse communities of conscience. History teaches us that silence enables erosion. A single physician may hesitate to speak out\u2014out of fear, uncertainty, or futility. But when we raise our voices together, we can become a civic force. If we don’t defend the principles that define our profession\u2014evidence, ethics, and advocacy\u2014who will? The consequences aren’t theoretical. When we allow <\/span>misinformation and ideology<\/span><\/a> to guide health policy, it is patients, especially the most vulnerable, who suffer first.<\/span><\/p>\n

Note: The views expressed are solely those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the University of Washington or any other professional institution.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

How can trust in medical science survive? By challenging misinformation, backing credible health bodies, and protecting patients.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":392,"featured_media":55578,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[473],"tags":[269,567,58,531,540,270,586,246,768,1019],"coauthors":[2101],"class_list":["post-55577","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-health","tag-covid-19","tag-fake-news","tag-media-bias","tag-pandemic","tag-politics","tag-public-health","tag-science","tag-social-media","tag-vaccines","tag-world-war-ii"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nNazi medicine and today\u2019s trust in medical expertise<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Truth and moral courage preserve trust in medical expertise against misinformation, politicized science, and eroding professional ethics.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/health\/primum-non-nocere-berlin-museums-warning\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Nazi medicine and today\u2019s trust in medical expertise\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Truth and moral courage preserve trust in medical expertise against misinformation, politicized science, and eroding professional ethics.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/health\/primum-non-nocere-berlin-museums-warning\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Public Square Magazine\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-12-09T15:49:13+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-12-09T15:54:43+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Public-Health.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1536\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"768\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Antonio Westphalen\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Antonio Westphalen\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/publicsquaremag.org\\\/health\\\/primum-non-nocere-berlin-museums-warning\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/publicsquaremag.org\\\/health\\\/primum-non-nocere-berlin-museums-warning\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Antonio Westphalen\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/publicsquaremag.org\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/388e2f457661555717b2f5903f0e2232\"},\"headline\":\"Primum Non Nocere: A Berlin Museum\u2019s Warning Against Silence\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-12-09T15:49:13+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-12-09T15:54:43+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/publicsquaremag.org\\\/health\\\/primum-non-nocere-berlin-museums-warning\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1018,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/publicsquaremag.org\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/publicsquaremag.org\\\/health\\\/primum-non-nocere-berlin-museums-warning\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/publicsquaremag.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/11\\\/Public-Health.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"COVID-19\",\"fake news\",\"Media Bias\",\"pandemic\",\"Politics\",\"Public Health\",\"Science\",\"social media\",\"Vaccines\",\"World War II\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Health\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/publicsquaremag.org\\\/health\\\/primum-non-nocere-berlin-museums-warning\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/publicsquaremag.org\\\/health\\\/primum-non-nocere-berlin-museums-warning\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/publicsquaremag.org\\\/health\\\/primum-non-nocere-berlin-museums-warning\\\/\",\"name\":\"Nazi medicine and today\u2019s trust in medical expertise\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/publicsquaremag.org\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/publicsquaremag.org\\\/health\\\/primum-non-nocere-berlin-museums-warning\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/publicsquaremag.org\\\/health\\\/primum-non-nocere-berlin-museums-warning\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/publicsquaremag.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/11\\\/Public-Health.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-12-09T15:49:13+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-12-09T15:54:43+00:00\",\"description\":\"Truth and moral courage preserve trust in medical expertise against misinformation, politicized science, and eroding professional ethics.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/publicsquaremag.org\\\/health\\\/primum-non-nocere-berlin-museums-warning\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/publicsquaremag.org\\\/health\\\/primum-non-nocere-berlin-museums-warning\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/publicsquaremag.org\\\/health\\\/primum-non-nocere-berlin-museums-warning\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/publicsquaremag.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/11\\\/Public-Health.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/publicsquaremag.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/11\\\/Public-Health.jpg\",\"width\":1536,\"height\":768,\"caption\":\"A doctor addresses a tense crowd in a lecture hall, capturing the conflict around trust in medical expertise.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/publicsquaremag.org\\\/health\\\/primum-non-nocere-berlin-museums-warning\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/publicsquaremag.org\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Primum Non Nocere: A Berlin Museum\u2019s Warning Against Silence\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/publicsquaremag.org\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/publicsquaremag.org\\\/\",\"name\":\"Public Square Magazine\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/publicsquaremag.org\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/publicsquaremag.org\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/publicsquaremag.org\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Public Square Magazine\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/publicsquaremag.org\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/publicsquaremag.org\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/publicsquaremag.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/11\\\/Public-Square-Logo-Primary-WHT-Background-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/publicsquaremag.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/11\\\/Public-Square-Logo-Primary-WHT-Background-1.png\",\"width\":2195,\"height\":416,\"caption\":\"Public Square Magazine\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/publicsquaremag.org\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/publicsquaremag.org\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/388e2f457661555717b2f5903f0e2232\",\"name\":\"Antonio Westphalen\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/6ed27ca39d3dbf9c6e962110103461e485f7c85ce7a0a595594535b899579108?s=96&d=mm&r=gf7d857ee60f76f065ae2f5a2749b6943\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/6ed27ca39d3dbf9c6e962110103461e485f7c85ce7a0a595594535b899579108?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/6ed27ca39d3dbf9c6e962110103461e485f7c85ce7a0a595594535b899579108?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Antonio Westphalen\"},\"description\":\"Antonio C. Westphalen, MD, PhD, is a professor of Radiology, Urology, and Radiation Oncology at the University of Washington in Seattle. His academic work focuses on medical imaging and prostate cancer, with a personal commitment to examining how historical narratives inform civic responsibility today.\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/publicsquaremag.org\\\/author\\\/awestphalen\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Nazi medicine and today\u2019s trust in medical expertise","description":"Truth and moral courage preserve trust in medical expertise against misinformation, politicized science, and eroding professional ethics.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/health\/primum-non-nocere-berlin-museums-warning\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Nazi medicine and today\u2019s trust in medical expertise","og_description":"Truth and moral courage preserve trust in medical expertise against misinformation, politicized science, and eroding professional ethics.","og_url":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/health\/primum-non-nocere-berlin-museums-warning\/","og_site_name":"Public Square Magazine","article_published_time":"2025-12-09T15:49:13+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-12-09T15:54:43+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1536,"height":768,"url":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Public-Health.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Antonio Westphalen","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Antonio Westphalen","Est. reading time":"5 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"NewsArticle","@id":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/health\/primum-non-nocere-berlin-museums-warning\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/health\/primum-non-nocere-berlin-museums-warning\/"},"author":{"name":"Antonio Westphalen","@id":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/#\/schema\/person\/388e2f457661555717b2f5903f0e2232"},"headline":"Primum Non Nocere: A Berlin Museum\u2019s Warning Against Silence","datePublished":"2025-12-09T15:49:13+00:00","dateModified":"2025-12-09T15:54:43+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/health\/primum-non-nocere-berlin-museums-warning\/"},"wordCount":1018,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/health\/primum-non-nocere-berlin-museums-warning\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Public-Health.jpg","keywords":["COVID-19","fake news","Media Bias","pandemic","Politics","Public Health","Science","social media","Vaccines","World War II"],"articleSection":["Health"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/health\/primum-non-nocere-berlin-museums-warning\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/health\/primum-non-nocere-berlin-museums-warning\/","url":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/health\/primum-non-nocere-berlin-museums-warning\/","name":"Nazi medicine and today\u2019s trust in medical expertise","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/health\/primum-non-nocere-berlin-museums-warning\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/health\/primum-non-nocere-berlin-museums-warning\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Public-Health.jpg","datePublished":"2025-12-09T15:49:13+00:00","dateModified":"2025-12-09T15:54:43+00:00","description":"Truth and moral courage preserve trust in medical expertise against misinformation, politicized science, and eroding professional ethics.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/health\/primum-non-nocere-berlin-museums-warning\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/health\/primum-non-nocere-berlin-museums-warning\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/health\/primum-non-nocere-berlin-museums-warning\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Public-Health.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Public-Health.jpg","width":1536,"height":768,"caption":"A doctor addresses a tense crowd in a lecture hall, capturing the conflict around trust in medical expertise."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/health\/primum-non-nocere-berlin-museums-warning\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Primum Non Nocere: A Berlin Museum\u2019s Warning Against Silence"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/#website","url":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/","name":"Public Square Magazine","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/#organization","name":"Public Square Magazine","url":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Public-Square-Logo-Primary-WHT-Background-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Public-Square-Logo-Primary-WHT-Background-1.png","width":2195,"height":416,"caption":"Public Square Magazine"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/#\/schema\/person\/388e2f457661555717b2f5903f0e2232","name":"Antonio Westphalen","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/6ed27ca39d3dbf9c6e962110103461e485f7c85ce7a0a595594535b899579108?s=96&d=mm&r=gf7d857ee60f76f065ae2f5a2749b6943","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/6ed27ca39d3dbf9c6e962110103461e485f7c85ce7a0a595594535b899579108?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/6ed27ca39d3dbf9c6e962110103461e485f7c85ce7a0a595594535b899579108?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Antonio Westphalen"},"description":"Antonio C. Westphalen, MD, PhD, is a professor of Radiology, Urology, and Radiation Oncology at the University of Washington in Seattle. His academic work focuses on medical imaging and prostate cancer, with a personal commitment to examining how historical narratives inform civic responsibility today.","url":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/author\/awestphalen\/"}]}},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Public-Health.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55577","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/392"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=55577"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55577\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":55901,"href":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55577\/revisions\/55901"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/55578"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=55577"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=55577"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=55577"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/publicsquaremag.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=55577"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}